Hing | Heeng | Asafoetida

The most active ingredient, the least impurity

CountryCommon names
English Asafoetida , Devil's Dung
IndiaHing, Heeng, Hengu, Hingu, Ingu, Inguva, Kayam, Perungayam, Perunkaya, Raamathan
FranceAsa-foetida, Asafetide, Assa foetida, Ferule persique, Merde du diable, assaFerula
ChinaA-wei, 新疆阿魏, 阜康阿魏
Germany Asafoetida, Asafotida, Asant, Stinkasant, Teufelsdreck
TürkiyeŞeytan tersi (devil's sweat), şeytan boku (devil's shit) or şeytanotu (the devil's herb) Şeytan bokosu
AfghanistanHang, Anguza, Kama
PakistanAnjadana, Kama, Anguza
VietnamAngui
RussiaAсафетида
PolandAsafoetida, Zapaliczka Cuchnaca
DenmarkDyvelsdrak
GreeceAza
HungaryOrdoggyoker
SwedenDyvelsträck
ItalyAssafetida
NorwayDyvelsdrekk
SpainAsafoetida
Netherlands
Duivelsdrek, Afrikaans duiwelsdrek
FinlandAsafoetida, Hajupihka, Pirunpaska, Pirunpihka
Saudi Arabia
Haltit (Haltit)
JapanAgi Asahueteida
Heading Description
Scientific nameFerula assa-foetida
Author
L.
FamilyUmbelliferae
Homotypic Synonyms

Peucedanum assa-foetida (L.) Baill.



Scorodosma assa-foetida (L.) H.Karst.



Heterotypic Synonyms

Ferula foetida St.-Lag.


Ferula hooshee Lindl. ex Descourt.


Narthex polakii Stapf.


Narthex silphium Oerst.


Peucedanum hooshee (Lindl. ex Descourt.) Baill.

Pharmaceutical Grade3
Food Grade3
Hing in persianاَنغوزه، آنغوزه، آنقوزه
Heading Description
Plant height (m)2
Canopy Width (m)1.5
Growth formPerennial
Does the plant fix nitrogen? No

Sun Lover

Heading Description
Ideal soil texture Light (sand), medium (loamy), heavy
Is the plant able to grow in poor soil? No
Does the plant grow in heavy clay soil? No
Soil pH Acidic, neutral, alkaline (basic)
Does the plant growth in highly acidic soils? No
Does the plant grow in highly alkaline soil? No
Humidity Dry soil, humid soil
Does the plant need well-drained soil? Yes
Heading Description
Is the plant self-pollinating? Yes
Type of flower Male and Female
How to pollinate Insects

Spices, leaves, roots

Plant

Gum resin, Essential oil

Massive taproots or carrot-shaped (Conical) roots

Growth into the depth of the soil.

Heading Description
Sea level950 - 2400
Climate

  • Dry and semi-dry

  • Cold and extremely cold

  • Almost cold and extremely cold desert climate

Land slope in degrees15 - 40
Annual rainfall volume (mm)150 - 250
Standard temperature (Annual - C°)

  • Average: 10 - 15

  • At least: -10

  • Maximum: +40

Note: Asafoetida plant is native to Iran.

Note: This plant is not native to India, but it has been used for centuries in Indian medicine and cuisine.

Please do not use in the following conditions and situations:

  • Pregnant women
  • Breastfeeding period
  • Infants
  • Oral administration with non-standard dosage

Note: Before using topically, be sure to consult with your doctor to avoid skin allergies.

Types of Hing in Iran

Bitter Hing

Heading Description
Scientific name of the productive plant Ferula assa-foetida
Season of extracting plant gum resin (On average) May
The best time to buy in bulk October

Sweet Hing

Heading Description
Scientific name of the productive plant Ferula foetida
Season of extracting plant gum resin June
The best time to buy in bulk October
Iranian name (Persian pronounce) Gan.de.koma
Author(Bunge) Regel
Homotypic SynonymsScorodosma foetidum Bunge
Heterotypic SynonymsFerula scorodosma Bentley & Trimen

What is the difference between Bitter and Sweet Hing?

TypeSulfur CMPD Coumarin CMPD
Bitter
Sweet---

Comparison of Hing essential oil between two of the best harvest poles in Iran

COORD

EOs (%)CMPD (N)

27.6628° N, Hide E

8.7556

33.5961° N, Hide E

4.244

The main components of Iran’s best Bitter Hing essential oil

Name

RIPct.

(E)-1-Propenyl sec-butyl disulfide

117524.297

(Z)-1-Propenyl sec-butyl disulfide

116612.403

10-epi-γ-Eudesmol

16179.538

α-Pinene

9329.413

β-Pinene

9767.654

(Z)-β-Ocimene

10354.843

Bis(1-methyl thio)propyl disulfide

14254.122

Dihydro β-agarofuran

14953.448

The main components of Iran’s best Sweet Hing essential oil

Name

RIPct.

(E)-1-Propenyl sec-butyl disulfide

117741.088

(Z)-1-Propenyl sec-butyl disulfide

116926.263

Bis(1-methyl thio)propyl disulfide

14237.566

Bis(1-methyl propyl)disulfide

12103.209

α-Longipinene

13492.937

Types of Hing according to the structure of plant resin

1. Nukra Hing

After making the first cut on the stump of the Asafoetida plant, a resin with low concentration and impurity, a higher percentage of fat and essential oil (compared to the resin obtained from other cuts) oozes out, depending on the ability of the exploitation team and the weather conditions at that time of the year, on average, after 10 to 15 days, they collect it, which is called Nukra Hing gum resin.

HeadingDescription
Botanical Name Asafoetida Crystal
Common Hindi Name Nukra Hing
Form Of Irani Nukra HingCrystal
Dried Yes
Organic
Yes
Place Of Origin IRAN

2. PASTY

After the first cutting and Kokh harvest, depending on the experience of the exploitation team and the conditions of the plant stump, after a few days, they start cutting the stump again, the time interval between each cutting of the stump is on average between 4 and 5 days in different poles of the harvest and the resin that is harvested after this period, usually from the third and fourth cutting, is called Pasty Hing. Compared to the first resin (Kokh), this resin is thicker and the amount of essential oil and fat is less.

Types of Pasty Hing in IRAN

RowName
1Pinexir Hing
2Hingra Hing
3Irani Ras Hing
4Perungayam Brown Cake Asafoetida

2.1 Pinexir Hing

HeadingDescription
Botanical Name Peernexir Aesafoetida
Common Hindi Name Talab Hing
Form Of Pinexir HingLiquid
ColorWhite (Milky)
Taste Form Spicy
Oil Content Present
Domestic MarketUsed Heavily all over India
OrganicYes
Place Of Origin IRAN

2.2 Hingra Hing

HeadingDescription
Common Hindi Name HINGRA
BenefitsDigestion
OrganicYes
Place Of Origin IRAN

2.3 Irani Ras Hing

HeadingDescription
Common Hindi Name Irani Ras Hing
ColorBrownish
DriedNon Dried
OrganicYes
Place Of Origin IRAN

2.4 Perungayam Brown Cake Hing

HeadingDescription
Common English Name Perungayam Cake Asafoetida
ColorBrown
OrganicYes
Place Of Origin IRAN

3. DRIED

Asafoetida resin contains some water. If the Pasty Hing remains on the stump of the Asafoetida plant for a long time, depending on the climatic conditions and ambient temperature, or if it loses its water after harvesting in different traditional and industrial methods, a dry Hing is created.

4. Hadda Hing

It is called a resin that oozes out from the stem of the male Asafoetida plant due to the impact of pebbles due to the wind blowing in the mountains, insect bites or stem breakage. The amount of this resin is very low and because it oxidizes quickly when exposed to air; it has the lowest amount of impurities.

HeadingDescription
Common English Name Irani Perungayam
Common Hindi Name Hadda Hing
Common Name Irani Hing
Variety Solid & Almost Pasty
Form Of Hadda Hing
Crystal
ColorGolden
DriedYes
Moisture Percentage Approx 0.5%
SizeSmall
OrganicYes
Place Of Origin IRAN

5. XL Hing

The dried version of each slice of the Asafoetida plant stump, which is cut for the next stage of extracting the Asafoetida resin, is called “XL Hing”.

HeadingDescription
Form Of XL HingGranules
ColorBrownish
DriedYes
OrganicYes
Place Of Origin IRAN

Types of Hing according to the structure of plant resin

1. Nukra Hing

After making the first cut on the stump of the Asafoetida plant, a resin with low concentration and impurity, a higher percentage of fat and essential oil (compared to the resin obtained from other cuts) oozes out, depending on the ability of the exploitation team and the weather conditions at that time of the year, on average, after 10 to 15 days, they collect it, which is called Nukra Hing gum resin.

HeadingDescription
Botanical Name Asafoetida Crystal
Common Hindi Name Nukra Hing
Form Of Irani Nukra HingCrystal
Dried Yes
Organic
Yes
Place Of Origin IRAN

2. PASTY

After the first cutting and Kokh harvest, depending on the experience of the exploitation team and the conditions of the plant stump, after a few days, they start cutting the stump again, the time interval between each cutting of the stump is on average between 4 and 5 days in different poles of the harvest and the resin that is harvested after this period, usually from the third and fourth cutting, is called Pasty Hing. Compared to the first resin (Kokh), this resin is thicker and the amount of essential oil and fat is less.

RowName
1Pinexir Hing
2Hingra Hing
3Irani Ras Hing
4Perungayam Brown Cake Asafoetida

2.1 Pinexir Hing

HeadingDescription
Botanical Name Peernexir Aesafoetida
Common Hindi Name Talab Hing
Form Of Pinexir HingLiquid
ColorWhite (Milky)
Taste Form Spicy
Oil Content Present
Domestic MarketUsed Heavily all over India
OrganicYes
Place Of Origin IRAN

2.2 Hingra Hing

HeadingDescription
Common Hindi Name HINGRA
BenefitsDigestion
OrganicYes
Place Of Origin IRAN

2.3 Irani Ras Hing

HeadingDescription
Common Hindi Name Irani Ras Hing
ColorBrownish
DriedNon Dried
OrganicYes
Place Of Origin IRAN

2.4 Perungayam Brown Cake Hing

HeadingDescription
Common English Name Perungayam Cake Asafoetida
ColorBrown
OrganicYes
Place Of Origin IRAN

3. DRIED

Asafoetida resin contains some water. If the Pasty Hing remains on the stump of the Asafoetida plant for a long time, depending on the climatic conditions and ambient temperature, or if it loses its water after harvesting in different traditional and industrial methods, a dry Hing is created.

4. Hadda Hing

It is called a resin that oozes out from the stem of the male Asafoetida plant due to the impact of pebbles due to the wind blowing in the mountains, insect bites or stem breakage. The amount of this resin is very low and because it oxidizes quickly when exposed to air; it has the lowest amount of impurities.

HeadingDescription
Common English Name Irani Perungayam
Common Hindi Name Hadda Hing
Common Name Irani Hing
Variety Solid & Almost Pasty
Form Of Hadda Hing
Crystal
ColorGolden
DriedYes
Moisture Percentage Approx 0.5%
SizeSmall
OrganicYes
Place Of Origin IRAN

5. XL Hing

The dried version of each slice of the Asafoetida plant stump, which is cut for the next stage of extracting the Asafoetida resin, is called “XL Hing”.

HeadingDescription
Form Of XL HingGranules
ColorBrownish
DriedYes
OrganicYes
Place Of Origin IRAN

New articles about Hing

New articles about Hing

Phaidyme experts introduce Hing to you

Phaidyme experts introduce Hing to you

error: Content is protected !!