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Galbanum Health Benefits, Side Effects
In the past, humans in all tribes have used medicinal plants to treat their diseases. Where does galbanum come from? Ferula gummosa Boiss plant is one of the important medicinal, industrial, and aromatic plants of Iran.
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The resin and essential oil of this plant are used in various industries, including the following:
- Pharmacology
- Dietary
- Perfumery
- Glue making
- Military
Product: Galbanum Essential Oil For Natural Perfumery
Note: In the observed pharmacological effects of plants, all components of the essential oil are important and usually it is not possible to relate a specific effect to a specific component of it.
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However, in Ferula gummosa essential oils, the following components are commercially important:
| Row | Compounds |
|---|---|
| 1 | α-Pinene |
| 2 | β-Pinene |
| 3 | δ-3-Carene |
| 4 | Sabinene |
In this article, based on new medical findings, I am going to introduce you to some of the pharmacological properties of the Ferula gummosa Boiss plant.
Product: Organic Galbanum Resin
The Ferula gummosa Boiss plant is native to Iran.
The sap that comes out of this plant is called “Galbanum Resin“.
Antimicrobial and antibacterial
Methanolic and ethanolic extract of the root of Ferula gummosa Boiss has more antimicrobial activity against “Pseudomonas aeruginosa” in the laboratory than its aqueous extract.
Article: Galbanum Uses
This bacterium has many pathogenic factors and can cause various diseases such as the following:
- Bacteremia
- Septicemia
- Respiratory, urinary, and digestive system infections
Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria is part of:
- 23% of all bacteria isolated from patients
- 16% of hospital-acquired pneumonia
- 12% of hospital-acquired urinary tract infections
- 8% of wound infections after surgery
- 10% of nosocomial blood infections
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The widespread use of antibiotics and the increase in immunocompromised patients have caused the emergence of drug resistance to Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Therefore, it is necessary to use alternative treatments to control infections caused by this bacterium.
Volatile oil from the fruit of Ferula gummosa Boiss has a great inhibitory effect on the following cases.
On three Gram-positive bacteria strains, such as:
| Row | Scientific name |
|---|---|
| 1 | Staphylococcus aureus |
| 2 | Staphylococcus epidermidis |
| 3 | Bacillus subtilis |
On three strains of Gram-negative bacteria, such as:
| Row | Scientific name |
|---|---|
| 1 | E. coli |
| 2 | Salmonella typhi |
| 3 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
On two strains of fungi, such as:
| Row | Scientific name |
|---|---|
| 1 | Candida albicans |
| 2 | C. kefyr |
Increased blood pressure (Hypertension)
Regular aerobic activity and antioxidant supplement of the Ferula gummosa Boiss have shown a favorable effect on the Apelinergic system of the heart in rats exposed to Hypertension.
The combined effect of regular aerobic exercise and gum resin of Ferula gummosa Boiss increases “Apelin” and lowers blood pressure in rats exposed to Hypertension. Also, it has positive protective effects on the function and structure of kidney tissue of patients with chronic high blood pressure.
Hypertension is associated with vascular inflammation, and the regular aerobic activity and antioxidant supplement of the Ferula gummosa Boiss probably creates protective effects on the body’s vascular system during chronic high blood pressure by inhibiting inflammatory factors and strengthening anti-inflammatory factors.
What is Hypertension?
High blood pressure (Hypertension) is one of the most important threats to public health in developed and developing countries.
According to the available evidence, the following groups are suffering from high blood pressure:
- 25 to 35 percent of the world’s population over 18 years old
- 60% of people older than 60 years
Researchers have investigated the various mechanisms involved in high blood pressure and associated its occurrence with an imbalance in protective mechanisms.
Morphine Addiction
Drug addiction is a serious social problem in most parts of the world, and opium addiction is the most widespread in Asia and Europe.
Reducing “withdrawal syndrome” is a challenge to fight addiction.
Ferula gummosa Boiss extract has compounds that can be useful for relieving morphine withdrawal syndrome.
Constipation
Considering that inhibition of “Ileum contractions” is the basis of treatment for some gastrointestinal disorders such as diarrhea, Ferula gummosa Boiss can have clinical benefits for treating this condition.
Anti-epileptic
The anti-epilepsy and anti-toxic effects of the essential oil of Ferula gummosa Boiss can be related to the “Pinene” and “alpha-thujene” compounds that are present in the essential oil, respectively.
Considering that in the rest of the article, I have discussed the anticonvulsant effect of Ferula gummosa Boiss, you may have this question:
What is the difference between epilepsy and convulsion?
Convulsion is an attack that affects a person under the influence of various reasons (fever, brain infection, excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages, etc.); while epilepsy is a type of disease, one of its symptoms is the occurrence of convulsions.
Analgesic and anti-inflammatory
In this case, the two studies contradict each other.
First study:
In the first study, they concluded that the highest non-analgesic dose of each of the three aqueous, methanolic, and acetone extracts of Ferula gummosa Boiss seeds and roots does not affect the acute Pain Model.
None of the extracts have an anti-inflammatory effect on the inflammation model.
Second study:
Experiments conducted on mice model showed that Galbanum resin with a dose of 100 mg per kilogram of body weight can reduce pain and with this dose, in reducing acute and chronic pain, the behavior is similar to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and morphine shows and according to the tests, Galbanum resin probably has an anti-inflammatory effect.
Anti-convulsive
Acetone extract from the seeds of the Ferula gummosa Boiss has anticonvulsant activity and in experiments, it protected small laboratory mice from strong epileptic attacks.
Acetone extract of the Ferula gummosa Boiss root showed a preventive effect of dose-dependent tonic attacks, but it caused inactivity and relief in some doses.
Antioxidants
The root of Ferula gummosa Boiss has antioxidant and anticoagulant activities at different levels.
Breast and gastric cancer
Breast cancer is the second most common cancer in women.
Breast cancer is a global epidemiological problem and its current treatments are often not very effective and are associated with adverse side effects. Therefore, it is necessary to try to prepare more effective drugs with less toxicity.
Ethanol extract of Ferula gummosa Boiss has an inhibitory effect on the cell growth of the human breast cancer cell line (MCF7) and an antiproliferative effect and induction of Apoptosis in the gastric cancer cell line.
Osteoporosis
Osteoporosis refers to a disorder in bone tissue that increases the risk of bone fractures.
One of the proposed ways in recent years is the use of herbal medicine to fight osteoporosis.
Ethanol extract from the root of Ferula gummosa Boiss has positive effects on proliferation and differentiation to the bone in human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).
Iranian medicines formulated with Galbanum
Based on the conducted research, Iranian pharmaceutical companies have started producing different drugs based on the Ferula gummosa Boiss plant and its gum resin.
For example, from the combination of Galbanum with “Lavandula Stoechas”, they have produced an anti-pimple and topical lotion to treat acne.
They have also solved the treatment of “haemorrhoids” by combining Galbanum with scented geraniums.
Iranian researchers are always trying to produce new medicines and products by processing Galbanum in Iran, which promises a bright future in the field of improving global health.
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