Galbanum Resin Uses In Industry

In the previous articles, you learned about Galbanum and its medicinal and therapeutic properties.

In this article, I am going to introduce you to some of the most important uses of Galbanum in different industries.

So stay with me until the last line of this article.

Article: Galbanum Benefits

Diamond glue and precious stones

In the industry, glue is produced from Galbanum, which is colorless and is used to bonding diamonds and expensive minerals.

Article: Galbanum Perfume

The composition of this glue is that 8 parts of isinglass are dissolved in water and equivalent to that, a solution of one part of gum ammoniacum plant (resin obtained from Dorema ammoniacum D. Don plant) and one part of Galbanum is prepared and added to it.

Special oil for frying

Aromatic plant compounds are used as natural antioxidants in food and biological products due to their antiradical activity.

The effective ingredients of medicinal plants, such as phenolic compounds that exist in different parts of the plant, increase the quality and oxidative stability of some food systems.

According to a study (2014-February) that investigated the antioxidant activity of the aromatic plant Ferula gummosa Boiss:

«Galbanum essential oil at a concentration (ppm) of 500 is competitive with the synthetic antioxidant TBHQ at a level of (ppm) 200, and hence it is a rich source of antioxidant compounds that can be used in oil after purification and additional tests.

Product: Galbanum Essential Oil Wholesale Price

In other words, Galbanum essential oil is effective in delaying oil oxidation and can be used as a natural oil antioxidant in food.»

Although many oils contain natural antioxidants such as flavonoids and tocopherols; due to the insufficient effectiveness of these compounds, it is necessary to add synthetic antioxidants to prevent the beginning and progression of oxidative corruption.

Despite the high effectiveness and efficiency of synthetic antioxidants, adverse effects caused by their consumption, including oncogenesis and causing liver damage, have been proven.

Therefore, it is natural that so far many research efforts have been made to replace natural antioxidants with these synthetic compounds.

Control of Ephestia kuehniella

What is the Ephestia kuehniella?

One of the most important pests of stored products (grains), especially flour. This insect is found all over the world, especially in countries with a temperate climates.

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Pest control of warehouse products is usually done using dangerous chemical pesticides such as Phosphine and Methyl bromide.

Although the use of these two pesticides is effective, it has the following consequences:

• Contamination of stored products
• Human health
• The possibility of increased pest resistance to these pesticides or pesticides with similar performance

Based on a study (2013-May) that was conducted to investigate the toxic and hematological effects of Callistemon viminalis and Ferula gummosa essential oils on Ephestia kuehniella larvae through fumigation and topical exposure, it was determined that:

«Topical use of C. viminalis and F. gummosa essential oils effectively controls E. kuehniella and produces negative effects on its immune cells.»

Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) in cucumber greenhouse

.Greenhouses cover approximately 280,000 hectares in the world (This number was registered in 2003)

A greenhouse is a stable environment with warm temperature conditions and high relative humidity, where plants grow compactly and monoculture. In such an environment, the products produced are of high quality.

But it should be noted that the greenhouse, having such features, also creates very suitable conditions for the growth and development of insects and pest mites.

With the increase in the cultivated area of greenhouses in today’s world, especially in countries such as Kuwait, Qatar, UAE, etc., the problems related to pests and diseases of greenhouse plants have increased, and every year it is more important to deal with them.

Producers try to control pests and diseases by using chemical poisons; so currently, the most common way to control greenhouse pests is to use chemical pesticides.

This method of control causes an increasing threat to the health of consumers of greenhouse products; especially since they are often consumed fresh.

Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is one of the important pests of greenhouse vegetables.

This pest causes irreparable damage to plants through the following:

• Nutrition from plant sap
• Honey-dew production
• Transmission of viral diseases

Problems caused by excessive use of chemical poisons, such as:

• Adverse effects on beneficial organisms
• The emergence of resistance in pests
• The outbreak of secondary pests
• Threat to the health of human society

It has led to the emergence of integrated pest management (IPM).

The effect of using chemical pesticides on human health in greenhouse cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L.) is much more serious considering its daily harvest.

According to a study (2012), for the first time in the world, the repellent and anti-spawning effects of the essential oils of the following plants were evaluated in laboratory conditions using the Choice test on greenhouse cucumber plants:

The results of this study showed that:

The amount of establishment and spawning of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) on leaves treated with a concentration of 12 ppm of all three essential oils during sampling within a week was significantly less than the control treatment.

The data show the appropriate protective effect of these three essential oils in preventing Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) infestation.

Therefore, the essential oils of Ferula gumosa Boiss, A. sieberi Besser, and Rose Geranium plants at a concentration of 12ppm can potentially be used in cucumber greenhouses to fight Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius).

Due to the absence of toxic residues and the possibility of producing these essential oils in Iran, these compounds can play a role in the production of organic products and reducing the consumption of agricultural pesticides.

The use of herbal essential oils can be a complementary and alternative method for the use of industrial insecticides due to the appropriate effect on the pest.

Herbal essential oils are secondary metabolites of various plants that are composed of complex aromatic compounds.

These substances are volatile and have the following properties:

• Insecticide
• Antibacterial
• Anti-Virus
• Antifungal

In nature, essential oils protect the plant against harmful biological agents.

Due to their high biodegradability and low risk for humans, herbal essential oils are a suitable solution for controlling greenhouse pests such as Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius).

This issue is very important in greenhouses due to the daily harvesting of products and consideration of the preharvest Interval (PHI)

One of the important advantages of herbal essential oils is that they act like a biological barrier and have the following effects:

• Get rid of pests
• Preventing pests from feeding on plant sap
• Preventing spawning pests from sources that contain it

Therefore, it can be said that the use of herbal essences, especially in a country like Iran with its rich plant flora; can play a valuable role in reducing the need to import industrial insecticides.

The binding agent in tablet formulation

Excipients are very important in determining the quality of drug formulation and in many cases in the speed of entry of a drug for absorption and use in the body.

What is the excipient in the drug product?

Ingredients that are used in drug formulation but do not have medicinal properties and are used for stability purposes, etc.

The development of new excipients for potential use as binding agents in tablet formulations is still of interest; Because different binding agents can be useful in achieving tablet mechanical strength and drug release properties for different pharmaceutical purposes.

In recent years, much attention has been paid to the use of gum resins from different sources as medicinal supplements.

Gums are generally polysaccharides that are polymeric from natural materials obtained from woody and non-woody parts of plants such as bark, seeds, sap, roots, rhizomes, fruits, and leaves.

Plant gums are widely used in various uses for the formulation of various pharmaceutical forms.

Based on a study (2012) that evaluated Galbanum resin extracted from the Ferula Gummosa Boiss plant as a binding agent in the formulation of tablets, the researchers investigated the comparative effects of Galbanum resin and two standard binding agents Polyvinylpyrrolidone and Acacia on the compressive properties of acetaminophen and calcium carbonate.

The results of this study showed that:

«The results of the mechanical properties of acetaminophen and calcium carbonate compact compounds show that Galbanum resin can be useful for producing tablets with desirable mechanical properties for specific purposes and can be used as another alternative adhesive in the pharmaceutical industry.»

Improving dry strength properties of recycled paper

Biopolymers are a safe alternative to petroleum polymers and a renewable and reversible resource to nature.

The use of polymers is common in various industries, especially papermaking.

Herbal gum resin has always been of interest in paper production, especially paper recycling.

Among the most important motivations for the initiation of huge research activities on polysaccharides, the following can be mentioned:

• Perspective on the shortage of fossil energy resources
• The need to replace petroleum-based polymer products
• Finding a global solution to environmental problems caused by the use of petroleum polymers
• Increasing demand for the development of healthy food and medicine

According to a study (2010 – August):

“Suggested from Galbanum polysaccharides extracted from the Ferula Gummosa Boiss as an agent for increasing the dry resistance (bursting, tearing length, and fiber bonding rate) of handmade paper obtained from recycled fibers from old congressional cartons (OCC), to be used.

Polysaccharides of Galbanum resin at the level of 1.5% of the dry weight of paper pulp alone lead to an increase of 18%, and in the vicinity of the cationic substance Poly Aluminium Chloride (PAC), leads to a 30% increase in the resistance of hydrogen bonds between fibers.

This means:

• Reduce the need for refining
• Less damage to recycled fibers
• The possibility of more productivity from scarce fibrous resources
• Product price reduction

Starches and Herbal gum resins are among the most useful polysaccharides used in the paper-making industry, which are mainly used to increase paper strength.

Compared to starch, gum resins are easier to process and prepare, and unlike starch, it is also soluble in cold water.

Using gum resin causes:

• Improve printability
• Reduction of lint and dust generation
• Better paper formation
• Better distribution of fibers

With the expansion of paper recycling, the role of additives that increase paper resistance; especially natural polysaccharides are of outstanding importance in the paper recycling process; because the intrinsic bonding potential of fibers is reduced due to recycling and repeating its cycle.

Therefore, compared to virgin fibers, the product made from recycled fibers has less resistance, and the dry strength-enhancing material acts as compensation for this deficiency.

Dry strength-enhancing materials strengthen the Bonding between fibers, and this issue causes a significant increase in resistance.

Recycled fibers; especially for countries with poor capital of fiber resources, is of great environmental importance.

We have reached the end of this article and as you have noticed; Galbanum resin can shine not only in pharmaceutical and therapeutic fields but also in very important industries.

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